On 2020/7/1, following Michigan, Colorado passed a law concerning confinement standards for egg-laying hens.  From 2025/1/1, confinement in an enclosure will be banned, as well as sale of eggs from such practice. The law clearly states at the top that this is “to protect the health and welfare of consumers, promote food safety, and advance animal welfare”. Even in cage-free housing, the law requires provision of enrichment that allow the hens to exhibit natural behaviors, including, at a minimum, scratch areas, perches, nest boxes, and dust bathing areas.  In addition, at least 1 square foot (929cm2) of usable floor space per hen is required.  In the case of single level…

Japan is still in a situation where 99% of eggs are produced from battery cages, and the industry is clinging to this old rearing method. However, there will be no future there. In USA, sale of caged eggs have been banned starting in Massachusetts, then in California, Washington, and Oregon. Furthermore,  Other states tried to ask the Supreme Court to repeal the law in Massachusetts but the Supreme Court did not accept the lawsuit. Eggs in the US are inexpensive. Unlike in Japan, it must be advantageous to be able to produce feed within the country, and to have large production volumes with large facilities. It seems that Japan wants…