倫理学の授業は学生の行動に影響するのか？ケーススタディ：肉食の倫理について教える

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論文概要

※原著論文の要旨の翻訳

大学で行われる倫理の授業は、学生が実際に行う道徳的な選択に影響を与えるのだろうか。本研究は、通常の哲学的倫理学の授業が、自己申告や実験室環境ではない、現実世界での行動選択にどのような影響を及ぼすかを検討する、初の対照実験を目的とした。私たちは4つの大規模な哲学クラスに所属する1,332名の学生を対象に、「肉食の倫理」をテーマとする実験群と「慈善寄付の倫理」をテーマとする対照群のいずれかに割り当てた。各群の学生は割り当てられたテーマについて哲学論文を読み、任意で関連するビデオを視聴した後、ティーチングアシスタントの指導のもと50分間のグループ討論を行った。その後、フォローアップのアンケートにおいて、肉食の倫理および慈善寄付に関する自分の意見を述べてもらった（除外後の回答者は1,032名であった）。また、介入の前後で、キャンパス内のレストランにおける食品の購入レシート13,642枚を495名の学生から収集した。

結果として、肉製品の購入割合は実験群で有意に減少した（4.99ドル以上の食品購入に占める肉製品の割合は、介入前の52%から介入後の45%へと低下した）。一方で対照群では、介入前後ともに変化が見られなかった（ともに52%）。倫理的見解にも差が認められ、「工場式畜産の動物の肉を食べることは倫理的ではない」と考える学生の割合は、実験群で43%、対照群では29%であった。また、食品選択をクーポン券の利用を通じて測定する試みも行ったが、クーポンの利用率が低かったため統計的に有意な影響は確認できなかった。どのような授業内容が実際の行動に影響を及ぼしたのかについては、いまだ明らかになっていない。

Eric Schwitzgebel, Bradford Cokelet, Peter Singer

2020/10/01

Do ethics classes influence student behavior? Case study: Teaching the ethics of eating meat.

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S001002772030216X?via%3Dihub

動物の未来-FACTSへ戻る